General Information for Stainless Steel 416
| Material Group |
M - Stainless Steel |
| Sub-Grou |
Martensitic Stainless Steel |
| Tensile Strengt |
590-780[N/mm^2] |
| Machinability Range |
90% |
MACHINABILITY OF 416 STAINLESS STEEL
Stainless Steel 420F is a martensitic (magnetic) stainless steel alloy with 13% chromium, 0.2% carbon and a machinability rating of 90%.
The amounts of carbon (Range 0.1-1.2%) and chromium (10-15%) are the main factors that affect the machinability of martensitic stainless materials.
More carbon ==> More strength, but lower machinability and less corrosion resistance
More chromium ==> More corrosion resistance, but lower machinabilty
Although 416 alloy does not have a suffix 'F' (Like 420F and 430F), stainless steel 416 has the highest machinability rating of all stainless materials (90%). As with most free cut steels, the machinability is increased with the addition of sulfur (0.25%). However, this comes at the expense of reducing corrosion resistance, formability, and weldability. It is mainly used on small diameter parts on swiss-type lathe machines when cycle time is critical.
SUMMARY:
For general surning of Stainless Steel 416 at stable conditions use a grade with a Semi hard substrate and thin CVD coating.
In case you are running at a cutting speed that is lower than 390 SFM (120 m/min), it is better to use a grade with a semi hard substrate and PVD coating.
For general milling, use the grade with a semi-hard substrate and thin PVD coating.
For detailed carbide grades recommendations,check the table below.
Recommended cutting speed range for turning at stable conditions is 1210 - 1660 [SFM] / 370 - 505 [m/min].
Recommended cutting speed range for milling with stable clamping and short over hang is 770 - 1030 [SFM] / 235 - 315 [m/min]
For detailed cutting speed recommendations, check the Below Table.
Equivalent International Designations for Stainless Steel 416
| Standard |
Name |
| SAE |
41600 |
| WNR |
1.4005 |
| DIN |
X12CrS13 |
| BS |
UNS S41008 |
| UNS |
416S21 |
| SS |
2380 |
| ANFOR |
Z11CF13 |
| UNI |
X12CrS13 |
| UNF |
F.3411 |
| JS1 |
SUS416 |
Chemical Composition for Stainless Steel 416
| Element |
Amount |
| Chromium (Cr) |
13% |
| Manganese (Mn) |
1.25% |
| Nickel (Ni) |
1% |
| Silicon (Si) |
1.00% |
| Carbon (C) |
0.15% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) |
0.60% |
| Phosphorus (P) |
0.07% |
| Sulfur (S) |
0.15-0.25% |
Cutting Speeds Recomendations for Stainless Steel 416
| Application |
Vc (m/min) |
Vc (SFM) |
| Turning |
370-505 |
1210-1660 |
| Milling |
235-315 |
770-1030 |
| Parting |
150-200 |
490-660 |
| Grooving |
225-300 |
740-980 |
| Drilling |
105-145 |
340-480 |
Important! The speed estimation is given for an ideal situation:
- Most suitable carbide grade
- Stable tool clamping
- Stable workpiece clamping
- Good quality raw material
- A short overhang of the cutting tool.
- Nominal hardness of the material.
- etc.
Recommended Carbide Grades for Stainless Steel 416
Grade for Milling (Indexable)
Recommended Insert Cutting Edge Geometry for Stainless Steel 416
| Honing Siz |
0.03-0.05 mm / 0.001-0.002" |
| Rake Angl |
9°-11° |
| Land Angl |
Positive |
| Land Widt |
0.20-0.30 mm / 0.008-0.012" |
