Steel D2


General Information for Steel D2

Material Group P - Steel
Sub-Group Tool Steel
Tensile Strength 850-900[N/mm^2]
Machinability Range 27%

MACHINABILITY OF D2 STEEL

Steel D2 is a tool steel (high-alloy steel) that has on top of the 1.5% of carbon an additional 15% of manganese, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum. (See details in the table below). Steel D2 has a machinability rating of 27%.

Steel D2 belongs to the "D series" of tool steels. They are classified as high-carbon, high-chromium, cold-work steels and contain very high carbon content (up to 2.5%). Tool steels in this series (D2-D7) have a machinability rating of 20-30%. The high carbon content yields very high hardness and strength resulting in materials that are very difficult to machine.


Summary:
  • For turning operations on Steel D2, a lower cutting speed is recommended due to the low machinability. Therefore, in most cases it is recommended to use a grade with high hardness and PVD coating . For milling, opt for a grade with relatively hard substrate.
  • For detailed carbide grades recommendations,check the table below.
  • Recommended cutting speed range for turning at stable conditions is 330 - 440 [SFM] / 100 - 135 [m/min].
  • Recommended cutting speed range for milling with stable clamping and short overhang is 200-280[SFM]/60-85[m/min].
  • For detailed cutting speed recommendations, check the table below.

  • Equivalent International Designations for Steel A7

    Standard Name
    SAE D2
    WNR 1.2601
    DIN X165CrMoV12
    BS BD2
    SS 2310
    ANFOR Z160CDV12
    UNI X165CrMoW12KU
    UNF X160CrMoV12

    Chemical Composition for Steel D2

    Element Amount
    Vanadium (V) 1.10 max%
    Manganese (Mn) 0.60 max%
    Molybdenum (Mo) 0.70-1.20%
    Chromium (Cr) 11.00-13.00%
    Carbon (C) 1.40-1.60%
    Silicon (Si) 0.60 max%
    Nickel (Ni) 0.30 max%

    Cutting Speeds Recomendations for Steel D2

    Application Vc (m/min) Vc (SFM)
    Turning 100-135 330-440
    Milling 60-85 200-280
    Parting 50-65 160-210
    Grooving 55-75 180-250
    Drilling 40-55 130-180

    Important! The speed estimation is given for an ideal situation:
    • Most suitable carbide grade
    • Stable tool clamping
    • Stable workpiece clamping
    • Good quality raw material
    • short overhang of the cutting tool.
    • Nominal hardness of the material.
    • etc.


    Grade for Turning

    Grade Coating Apps Range 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
    SHARP METAL
    YP15T PVD & CVD P15
    PM25 PVD TiAlN P20
    NC25 PVD TiAlN P20
    TN15 PVD TiAlN P20
    TN20 PVD TiAlN P20
    TIN25 PVD TiAlN P20
    YP25T PVD & CVD P25
    YP35T PVD & CVD P35
    FM CARBIDE
    FM2533 CVD P10 - P10
    FM2543 CVD P20
    FM324 PVD P20-P30
    FM2553 CVD P30
    CANELA
    NC25 CVD P05 - P20
    TN15 CVD P10 - P25
    TN20 CVD P20 - P25
    PM25 Uncoated P20 - P35
    TIN25 PVD P20 - P35
    PM40 Uncoated P35 - P45
    TN30 CVD P40
    TL20 PVD P20
    KM15 Uncoated P15
    ISCAR
    IC807 (IC907) PVD P05 - P25
    IC8150 CVD P10-P15
    IC8250 CVD P15-P30
    IC830 (IC328) PVD P25 - P45
    Seco
    TH1500 CVD P05 - P05
    TP0501 CVD P05 - P20
    TP1501 CVD P10 - P25
    TP2501 CVD P15 - P35
    CP500 PVD P15 - P40
    CP600 PVD P25 - P45
    TP3501 CVD P30 - P40
    KENNAMETAL
    KCP05B (KCP05) CVD P05 - P10
    KCP10B (KCP10) CVD P10 - P20
    KCU10 (KC5010) PVD P10-P20
    KCP25B (KCP25) CVD P20 - P30
    KCU25 (KC5025) PVD P20-P30
    KCP30 CVD P30-P40
    KCP40B (KCP40) CVD P35 - P45
    SANDVIK
    GC1115 PVD P05 - P20
    GC4305 CVD P05 - P10
    GC4415 (GC4315) CVD P10 - P15
    GC4425 (GC4325) CVD P15 - P30
    GC1125 PVD P20 - P30
    GC4335 CVD P30-P40
    TUNGALOY
    T9205 (T9105) CVD P05 - P10
    T9215 (T9115) CVD P10 - P20
    AH725 PVD P15 - P30
    T9225 (T9125) CVD P15 - P25
    T9235 (T9135) CVD P30 - P40
    WALTER
    WPP10S (WPP10) CVD P05 - P20
    WPP05S (WPP05) CVD P05 - P15
    WPP20S (WPP20) CVD P10 - P30
    WPP30S (WPP30) CVD P20 - P40
    MITSUBISHI
    UE6105 CVD P05 - P15
    MC6015 (UE6010) CVD P10 - P20
    VP15TF PVD P10 - P30
    MC6025 (UE6020) CVD P15 - P20
    MC6035 (UE6035) CVD P25 - P40
    SUMITOMO
    AC8015P (AC810P) CVD P05 - P15
    AC8020P CVD P10 - P25
    AC1030U PVD P10 - P30
    AC8025P (AC820P) CVD P15 - P30
    AC8035P (AC830P) CVD P25 - P45
    KYOCERA
    PR1005 PVD P15
    PR930 PVD P15-P25
    PR1115 PVD P15-P25
    PR1535 PVD P25
    PR1025 PVD P15-P35
    PR1225 PVD P15-P35
    PR1425 PVD P15-P35
    PR1532 PVD P35
    PR1625 PVD P35
    HITACHI TOOL
    IP2000 PVD P25
    IP3000 PVD P35
    YG-1
    1001 CVD TiCN P10
    3010 CVD TiCN P20
    3030 CVD TiCN P30
    3030 PVD P35
    801 PVD TiAlN P15-P30
    3020 CVD TiCN P20-P30
    KORLOY
    PC8105 PVD P15
    PC8110 PVD P15
    PC8115 PVD P25
    PC5300 PVD P25-P35
    ZCC
    YBG101 PVD P15
    YBG102 PVD P15
    YBG105 PVD P15
    YB9320 PVD P25
    YBG205 PVD P25
    YBG202 PVD P25
    YBG302 PVD P35

    Grade for Parting Off

    Grade Coating Apps Range 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
    FM CARBIDE
    FM125 PVD P20-P30
    FM199 PVD P30
    CANELA
    PM25 Uncoated P25
    PM40 Uncoated P40
    SANDVIK
    GC1125 PVD P05 - P20
    GC1135 CVD P15 - P35
    ISCAR
    IC808 (IC908) PVD P05 - P30
    IC830 (IC328) PVD P20-P40
    SECO
    TGP45 CVD P10 - P45
    CP500 PVD P20 - P45
    T350M CVD P25 - P45
    CP600 PVD P30 - P50
    KENNAMETAL
    KCU10 PVD P05 - P20
    KCU25 PVD P20 - P30
    WALTER
    WKP13S CVD P05 - P20
    WSM23S PVD P10 - P30
    WSM33S (WSM33) PVD P20-P40
    WSM43S PVD P30 - P45
    SUMITOMO
    AC1030U (AC530U) PVD P10 - P25
    AC520U PVD P15 - P30
    AC830P CVD P20 - P40
    TUNGALOY
    AH725 PVD P15 - P30
    AH7025 PVD P20 - P30
    GH130 PVD P25 - P40
    MITSUBISHI
    VP10RT PVD P05 - P10
    VP20RT PVD P10 - P30
    VP15TF PVD P10 - P30


    Grade for Grooving

    Grade Coating Apps Range 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
    FM CARBIDE
    FM90 DLC P20
    FM60 Uncoated P10
    CANELA
    PM25 Uncoated P25
    PM40 Uncoated P40
    SANDVIK
    GC1125 PVD P05 - P35
    ISCAR
    IC807 (IC907) PVD P05 - P10
    IC808 (IC908) PVD P10 - P25
    IC830 (IC328) PVD P20 - P40
    KENNAMETAL
    KC5010 PVD P10 - P20
    KCU10 PVD P10 - P20
    KC5025 PVD P20 - P30
    KCU25 PVD P20 - P30
    WALTER
    WKP13S CVD P05 - P20
    WSM23S PVD P10 - P30
    WSM33S (WSM33) PVD P20-P40
    WSM43S PVD P30 - P45
    SECO
    CP500 PVD P10 - P25
    CP600 PVD P20 - P40
    TUNGALOY
    T9225 (T9125) CVD P15 - P25
    AH725 PVD P15 - P30
    AH7025 PVD P20 - P40
    GH130 PVD P25 - P40
    MITSUBISHI
    VP10RT PVD P05 - P10
    VP20RT PVD P10 - P25
    MY5015 CVD P10 - P20
    VP30RT PVD P20 - P40
    SUMITOMO
    AC1030U (AC530U) PVD P10 - P25
    AC520U PVD P15 - P30
    AC830P CVD P20 - P40

    Grade for Milling (Indexable)

    Grade Coating Apps Range 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
    FM CARBIDE
    FM125 CVD P15 - P35
    CANELA
    PM25 Uncoated P05
    PM40 Uncoated P05
    TL10 PVD & CVD P05
    TL20 PVD & CVD P05
    TL40 PVD & CVD P05
    TIN21 PVD & CVD P05
    TIN25 PVD & CVD P05
    SANDVIK
    GC4330 CVD P10 - P25
    GC4340 CVD P25 - P40
    ISCAR
    IC808 (IC908) PVD P05 - P15
    IC830 (IC928) PVD P10 - P40
    KENNAMETAL
    KC510M PVD P05 - P10
    KC522M PVD P10 - P25
    KCPK30 CVD P25 - P40
    KC725M PVD P30 - P40
    WALTER
    WKP25S (WKP25) CVD P15 - P35
    WKP35G CVD P25 - P45
    WSM45X CVD P35 - P45
    WSP45S (WSP45S) PVD P35 - P45
    SECO
    MP1501 CVD P05 - P20
    F40M PVD P05 - P50
    MP2501 CVD P15 - P45
    TUNGALOY
    AH120 PVD P15 - P25
    AH725 PVD P15 - P30
    AH3225 PVD P20 - P35
    T3225 CVD P20 - P35
    AH130 PVD P25 - P40
    AH3135 PVD P30 - P40
    MITSUBISHI
    MP6120 PVD P10 - P30
    MP6130 PVD P20 - P40
    VP30RT PVD P25 - P45
    SUMITOMO
    ACP2000 CVD P05 - P25
    XCU2500 CVD P05 - P30
    ACU2500 PVD P10 - P40
    ACP3000 PVD P20 - P45
    SHARP METAL
    DP20M PVD TiAlN P15-P25
    DP30M PVD TiAlN P30-P35
    DP40M PVD P40
    KYOCERA
    PR830 PVD P20
    PR1225 PVD P20
    PR1230 PVD P20-P30
    PR1525 PVD P20-P340
    HITACHI TOOL
    CY9020 PVD P20
    JP4120 PVD P20
    CY150 PVD P20
    JS4045 PVD P30
    CY250 PVD P30
    CY250V PVD P30
    CY25 PVD P30
    HC844 PVD P30
    JS4060 PVD P40
    PTH30E PVD P40
    PTH40H PVD P40
    JX1060 PVD P40
    YG-1
    602 PVD TiAlN P15-P30
    PRAMET
    M8310 PVD P20
    8215 PVD P20
    2003 PVD P20
    M8325 PVD P30
    M8326 PVD P30
    M8330 PVD P30
    M8340 PVD P40
    M8345 PVD P40
    M8346 PVD P40
    KORLOY
    PC3600 PVD P20-P30
    PC3500 PVD P30
    PC3700 PVD P30
    PC5400 PVD P40
    ZCC
    YBG102 PVD P20
    YBG202 PVD P20
    YBG252 PVD P20
    YBG302 PVD P30


    Recommended Insert Cutting Edge Geometry for Steel A7

    Honing Size 0.05-0.08 mm / 0.002-0.003"
    Rake Angle 11° -13°
    Land Angle Positive
    Land Width 0.20-0.30 mm / 0.008-0.012"