Material Group | P - Steel |
Sub-Group | Low Carbon Steel |
Tensile Strength | 790 [N/mm^2] |
Machinability | 65% - 80% |
A573 steel, a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel designed for structural applications, offers a combination of strength, toughness, and weldability. However, like other HSLA steels, it presents specific challenges during machining that require careful consideration.
Understanding the Machinability of A573 Steel:
Overcoming Machinability Challenges:
Tool Selection: Choose cutting tools specifically designed for HSLA steels or materials with similar properties. Carbide tools with appropriate coatings, such as TiCN or AlTiN, can enhance tool life and cutting performance.
Cutting Parameters: Adjust cutting speeds and feeds based on the specific hardness and thickness of the A573 steel. Generally, moderate cutting speeds and feeds are recommended due to the material's work-hardening potential.
Coolant/Lubricant: Utilize a suitable coolant or lubricant to reduce heat, friction, and chip welding during machining. Water-based coolants with additives for improved lubricity are often recommended for HSLA steels.
Chip Control: Employ chipbreakers or specialized tool geometries to promote chip breaking and prevent long, stringy chips that can interfere with the machining process and potentially damage the workpiece or tool.
Additional Tips for Machining A573 Steel:
By understanding the unique characteristics of A573 steel and implementing these strategies, machinists can effectively manage its machining challenges and achieve desired results in terms of productivity, tool life, and surface finish.
For detailed carbide grade and cutting speed recommendations, refer to resources like the material supplier's datasheet or consult with a machining expert familiar with HSLA steels.
Standard | Name |
---|---|
SAE | A573Gr.70/ A611Gr.D |
WNR | 1.0144 |
DIN | Fe430D1 (St44-3) |
BS | Fe430D1FF/4360-43C;43D |
SS | 1411/1412/1414 |
ANFOR | E28-3/E28-4 |
UNI | Fe430B/Fe430C(FN)/ Fe430D(FF) |
UNF | AE275D/Fe430D1FF |
JS1 | SM400A;B;C |
Element | A573 GR 58 | A573 GR 65 | A573 GR 70 |
Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.23% | ≤ 0.24% (≤ 1/2" thick) | ≤ 0.27% (≤ 1/2" thick) |
≤ 0.26% (> 1/2"-1 1/2" thick) |
≤ 0.28% (> 1/2"-1 1/2" thick)
|
||
Manganese (Mn) | 0.60-0.90% | 0.85-1.20% | 0.85-1.20% |
Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030% | ≤ 0.030% | ≤ 0.030% |
Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030% | ≤ 0.030% | ≤ 0.030% |
Silicon (Si) | 0.10-0.35% | 0.15-0.40% | 0.15-0.40% |
Note:
It's important to refer to the specific grade of A573 steel you are working with to determine the exact chemical composition requirements. You can find this information in the material's certification or datasheet provided by the supplier.
Application | Vc(m/min) | Vc(SFM) |
---|---|---|
Turning | 285-350 | 930-1150 |
Milling | 175-220 | 570-720 |
Parting | 135-170 | 440-560 |
Grooving | 160-195 | 520-640 |
Drilling | 115-140 | 380-460 |
While machining guidelines for A573 steel provide a starting point, achieving optimal cutting speeds in real-world scenarios requires understanding the factors that influence machining performance. The estimated speeds are based on ideal conditions, which may not always be achievable in practice.
Factors Affecting Cutting Speed in A573 Steel:
Carbide Grade: Selecting the appropriate carbide grade is crucial. While general recommendations exist for HSLA steels, the specific grade should be tailored to the specific cutting conditions, desired surface finish, and tool life. Consult with tooling experts or refer to the material supplier's datasheet for specific recommendations regarding A573.
Tool and Workpiece Clamping: Secure and rigid clamping of both the cutting tool and the workpiece is fundamental. Vibrations and movement can negatively impact accuracy, surface finish, and tool life. Ensure proper clamping techniques and utilize high-quality tooling systems to minimize these risks, especially when dealing with the high strength of A573.
Raw Material Quality: Variations in raw material quality, including chemical composition, heat treatment, and microstructure, can affect machinability. Source high-quality A573 steel from reputable suppliers and verify its properties to ensure consistent and predictable machining performance.
Tool Overhang: A shorter tool overhang minimizes deflection and vibration, leading to improved cutting stability and surface finish. Strive for the shortest possible overhang without compromising tool reach and accessibility, especially when machining thicker A573 plates or sections.
Material Hardness: The hardness of the A573 steel workpiece directly impacts cutting forces and tool wear. Verify that the material's hardness falls within the expected range for the chosen carbide grade and cutting parameters. If needed, consider preheating or adjusting cutting parameters to accommodate variations in hardness due to work hardening.
Additional Factors:
By meticulously evaluating these factors and adjusting cutting speeds accordingly, you can fine-tune your machining process to achieve superior results when working with A573 steel. Remember, the recommended cutting speeds are a guideline, and real-world optimization requires a holistic approach that considers the entire machining ecosystem.
Disclaimer: The information provided here is intended as a general guideline. It is crucial to consult with tooling experts, refer to manufacturer recommendations, and conduct thorough testing to determine the optimal cutting parameters for your specific application and the specific properties of your A573 steel.
Grade | Coating | Apps Range | 05 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SHARP METAL | |||||||||||
YP15T | PVD & CVD | P15 | |||||||||
PM25 | PVD TiAlN | P20 | |||||||||
NC25 | PVD TiAlN | P20 | |||||||||
TN15 | PVD TiAlN | P20 | |||||||||
TN20 | PVD TiAlN | P20 | |||||||||
TIN25 | PVD TiAlN | P20 | |||||||||
YP25T | PVD & CVD | P25 | |||||||||
YP35T | PVD & CVD | P35 | |||||||||
FM CARBIDE | |||||||||||
FM2533 | CVD | P10 - P10 | |||||||||
FM2543 | CVD | P20 | |||||||||
FM324 | PVD | P20-P30 | |||||||||
FM2553 | CVD | P30 | |||||||||
CANELA | |||||||||||
NC25 | CVD | P05 - P20 | |||||||||
TN15 | CVD | P10 - P25 | |||||||||
TN20 | CVD | P20 - P25 | |||||||||
PM25 | Uncoated | P20 - P35 | |||||||||
TIN25 | PVD | P20 - P35 | |||||||||
PM40 | Uncoated | P35 - P45 | |||||||||
TN30 | CVD | P40 | |||||||||
TL20 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
KM15 | Uncoated | P15 | |||||||||
ISCAR | |||||||||||
IC807 (IC907) | PVD | P05 - P25 | |||||||||
IC8150 | CVD | P10-P15 | |||||||||
IC8250 | CVD | P15-P30 | |||||||||
IC830 (IC328) | PVD | P25 - P45 | |||||||||
Seco | |||||||||||
TH1500 | CVD | P05 - P05 | |||||||||
TP0501 | CVD | P05 - P20 | |||||||||
TP1501 | CVD | P10 - P25 | |||||||||
TP2501 | CVD | P15 - P35 | |||||||||
CP500 | PVD | P15 - P40 | |||||||||
CP600 | PVD | P25 - P45 | |||||||||
TP3501 | CVD | P30 - P40 | |||||||||
KENNAMETAL | |||||||||||
KCP05B (KCP05) | CVD | P05 - P10 | |||||||||
KCP10B (KCP10) | CVD | P10 - P20 | |||||||||
KCU10 (KC5010) | PVD | P10-P20 | |||||||||
KCP25B (KCP25) | CVD | P20 - P30 | |||||||||
KCU25 (KC5025) | PVD | P20-P30 | |||||||||
KCP30 | CVD | P30-P40 | |||||||||
KCP40B (KCP40) | CVD | P35 - P45 | |||||||||
SANDVIK | |||||||||||
GC1115 | PVD | P05 - P20 | |||||||||
GC4305 | CVD | P05 - P10 | |||||||||
GC4415 (GC4315) | CVD | P10 - P15 | |||||||||
GC4425 (GC4325) | CVD | P15 - P30 | |||||||||
GC1125 | PVD | P20 - P30 | |||||||||
GC4335 | CVD | P30-P40 | |||||||||
TUNGALOY | |||||||||||
T9205 (T9105) | CVD | P05 - P10 | |||||||||
T9215 (T9115) | CVD | P10 - P20 | |||||||||
AH725 | PVD | P15 - P30 | |||||||||
T9225 (T9125) | CVD | P15 - P25 | |||||||||
T9235 (T9135) | CVD | P30 - P40 | |||||||||
WALTER | |||||||||||
WPP10S (WPP10) | CVD | P05 - P20 | |||||||||
WPP05S (WPP05) | CVD | P05 - P15 | |||||||||
WPP20S (WPP20) | CVD | P10 - P30 | |||||||||
WPP30S (WPP30) | CVD | P20 - P40 | |||||||||
MITSUBISHI | |||||||||||
UE6105 | CVD | P05 - P15 | |||||||||
MC6015 (UE6010) | CVD | P10 - P20 | |||||||||
VP15TF | PVD | P10 - P30 | |||||||||
MC6025 (UE6020) | CVD | P15 - P20 | |||||||||
MC6035 (UE6035) | CVD | P25 - P40 | |||||||||
SUMITOMO | |||||||||||
AC8015P (AC810P) | CVD | P05 - P15 | |||||||||
AC8020P | CVD | P10 - P25 | |||||||||
AC1030U | PVD | P10 - P30 | |||||||||
AC8025P (AC820P) | CVD | P15 - P30 | |||||||||
AC8035P (AC830P) | CVD | P25 - P45 | |||||||||
KYOCERA | |||||||||||
PR1005 | PVD | P15 | |||||||||
PR930 | PVD | P15-P25 | |||||||||
PR1115 | PVD | P15-P25 | |||||||||
PR1535 | PVD | P25 | |||||||||
PR1025 | PVD | P15-P35 | |||||||||
PR1225 | PVD | P15-P35 | |||||||||
PR1425 | PVD | P15-P35 | |||||||||
PR1532 | PVD | P35 | |||||||||
PR1625 | PVD | P35 | |||||||||
Hitachi Tool | |||||||||||
IP2000 | PVD | P25 | |||||||||
IP3000 | PVD | P35 | |||||||||
YG-1 | |||||||||||
1001 | CVD TiCN | P10 | |||||||||
3010 | CVD TiCN | P20 | |||||||||
3030 | CVD TiCN | P30 | |||||||||
3030 | PVD | P35 | |||||||||
801 | PVD TiAlN | P15-P30 | |||||||||
3020 | CVD TiCN | P20-P30 | |||||||||
KORLOY | |||||||||||
PC8105 | PVD | P15 | |||||||||
PC8110 | PVD | P15 | |||||||||
PC8115 | PVD | P25 | |||||||||
PC5300 | PVD | P25-P35 | |||||||||
ZCC | |||||||||||
YBG101 | PVD | P15 | |||||||||
YBG102 | PVD | P15 | |||||||||
YBG105 | PVD | P15 | |||||||||
YB9320 | PVD | P25 | |||||||||
YBG205 | PVD | P25 | |||||||||
YBG202 | PVD | P25 | |||||||||
YBG302 | PVD | P35 |
Grade | Coating | Apps Range | 05 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FM CARBIDE | ||||||||||||
FM20 | Uncoated | P20-P30 | ||||||||||
FM2553 | CVD | P30 | ||||||||||
CANELA | ||||||||||||
PM25 | Uncoated | P25 | ||||||||||
PM40 | Uncoated | P40 | ||||||||||
SANDVIK | ||||||||||||
GC1125 | PVD | P05 - P20 | ||||||||||
GC1135 | CVD | P15 - P35 | ||||||||||
ISCAR | ||||||||||||
IC808 (IC908) | PVD | P05 - P30 | ||||||||||
IC830 (IC328) | PVD | P20-P40 | ||||||||||
SECO | ||||||||||||
TGP45 | CVD | P10 - P45 | ||||||||||
CP500 | PVD | P20 - P45 | ||||||||||
T350M | CVD | P25 - P45 | ||||||||||
CP600 | PVD | P30 - P50 | ||||||||||
KENNAMETAL | ||||||||||||
KCU10 | PVD | P05 - P20 | ||||||||||
KCU25 | PVD | P20 - P30 | ||||||||||
WALTER | ||||||||||||
WKP13S | CVD | P05 - P20 | ||||||||||
WSM23S | PVD | P10 - P30 | ||||||||||
WSM33S (WSM33) | PVD | P20-P40 | ||||||||||
WSM43S | PVD | P30 - P45 | ||||||||||
SUMITOMO | ||||||||||||
AC1030U (AC530U) | PVD | P10 - P25 | ||||||||||
AC520U | PVD | P15 - P30 | ||||||||||
AC830P | CVD | P20 - P40 | ||||||||||
TUNGALOY | ||||||||||||
AH725 | PVD | P15 - P30 | ||||||||||
AH7025 | PVD | P20 - P30 | ||||||||||
GH130 | PVD | P25 - P40 | ||||||||||
MITSUBISHI | ||||||||||||
VP10RT | PVD | P05 - P10 | ||||||||||
VP20RT | PVD | P10 - P30 | ||||||||||
VP15TF | PVD | P10 - P30 |
Grade | Coating | Apps Range | 05 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FM CARBIDE | ||||||||||||||||||||||
FM2543 | CVD | P20 | ||||||||||||||||||||
FM90 | DLC | P10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
CANELA | ||||||||||||||||||||||
PM25 | Uncoated | P25 | ||||||||||||||||||||
PM40 | Uncoated | P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
SANDVIK | ||||||||||||||||||||||
GC1125 | PVD | P05 - P35 | ||||||||||||||||||||
ISCAR | ||||||||||||||||||||||
IC807 (IC907) | PVD | P05 - P10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
IC808 (IC908) | PVD | P10 - P25 | ||||||||||||||||||||
IC830 (IC328) | PVD | P20 - P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
KENNAMETAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||
KC5010 | PVD | P10 - P20 | ||||||||||||||||||||
KCU10 | PVD | P10 - P20 | ||||||||||||||||||||
KC5025 | PVD | P20 - P30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
KCU25 | PVD | P20 - P30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
WALTER | ||||||||||||||||||||||
WKP13S | CVD | P05 - P20 | ||||||||||||||||||||
WSM23S | PVD | P10 - P30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
WSM33S (WSM33) | PVD | P20-P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
WSM43S | PVD | P30 - P45 | ||||||||||||||||||||
SECO | ||||||||||||||||||||||
CP500 | PVD | P10 - P25 | ||||||||||||||||||||
CP600 | PVD | P20 - P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
TUNGALOY | ||||||||||||||||||||||
T9225 (T9125) | CVD | P15 - P25 | ||||||||||||||||||||
AH725 | PVD | P15 - P30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
AH7025 | PVD | P20 - P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
GH130 | PVD | P25 - P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
MITSUBISHI | ||||||||||||||||||||||
VP10RT | PVD | P05 - P10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
VP20RT | PVD | P10 - P25 | ||||||||||||||||||||
MY5015 | CVD | P10 - P20 | ||||||||||||||||||||
VP30RT | PVD | P20 - P40 | ||||||||||||||||||||
SUMITOMO | ||||||||||||||||||||||
AC1030U (AC530U) | PVD | P10 - P25 | ||||||||||||||||||||
AC520U | PVD | P15 - P30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
AC830P | CVD | P20 - P40 |
Grade | Coating | Apps Range | 05 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FM CARBIDE | |||||||||||
FM125 | PVD | P15 - P35 | |||||||||
CANELA | |||||||||||
PM25 | Uncoated | P05 | |||||||||
PM40 | Uncoated | P05 | |||||||||
TL10 | PVD & CVD | P05 | |||||||||
TL20 | PVD & CVD | P05 | |||||||||
TL40 | PVD & CVD | P05 | |||||||||
TIN21 | PVD & CVD | P05 | |||||||||
TIN25 | PVD & CVD | P05 | |||||||||
SANDVIK | |||||||||||
GC4330 | CVD | P10 - P25 | |||||||||
GC4340 | CVD | P25 - P40 | |||||||||
ISCAR | |||||||||||
IC808 (IC908) | PVD | P05 - P15 | |||||||||
IC830 (IC928) | PVD | P10 - P40 | |||||||||
KENNAMETAL | |||||||||||
KC510M | PVD | P05 - P10 | |||||||||
KC522M | PVD | P10 - P25 | |||||||||
KCPK30 | CVD | P25 - P40 | |||||||||
KC725M | PVD | P30 - P40 | |||||||||
WALTER | |||||||||||
WKP25S (WKP25) | CVD | P15 - P35 | |||||||||
WKP35G | CVD | P25 - P45 | |||||||||
WSM45X | CVD | P35 - P45 | |||||||||
WSP45S (WSP45S) | PVD | P35 - P45 | |||||||||
SECO | |||||||||||
MP1501 | CVD | P05 - P20 | |||||||||
F40M | PVD | P05 - P50 | |||||||||
MP2501 | CVD | P15 - P45 | |||||||||
TUNGALOY | |||||||||||
AH120 | PVD | P15 - P25 | |||||||||
AH725 | PVD | P15 - P30 | |||||||||
AH3225 | PVD | P20 - P35 | |||||||||
T3225 | CVD | P20 - P35 | |||||||||
AH130 | PVD | P25 - P40 | |||||||||
AH3135 | PVD | P30 - P40 | |||||||||
MITSUBISHI | |||||||||||
MP6120 | PVD | P10 - P30 | |||||||||
MP6130 | PVD | P20 - P40 | |||||||||
VP30RT | PVD | P25 - P45 | |||||||||
SUMITOMO | |||||||||||
ACP2000 | CVD | P05 - P25 | |||||||||
XCU2500 | CVD | P05 - P30 | |||||||||
ACU2500 | PVD | P10 - P40 | |||||||||
ACP3000 | PVD | P20 - P45 | |||||||||
SHARP METAL | |||||||||||
DP20M | PVD TiAlN | P15-P25 | |||||||||
DP30M | PVD TiAlN | P30-P35 | |||||||||
DP40M | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
KYOCERA | |||||||||||
PR830 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
PR1225 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
PR1230 | PVD | P20-P30 | |||||||||
PR1525 | PVD | P20-P340 | |||||||||
HITACHI TOOL | |||||||||||
CY9020 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
JP4120 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
CY150 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
JS4045 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
CY250 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
CY250V | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
CY25 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
HC844 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
JS4060 | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
PTH30E | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
PTH40H | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
JX1060 | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
YG-1 | |||||||||||
602 | PVD TiAlN | P15-P30 | |||||||||
PRAMET | |||||||||||
M8310 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
8215 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
2003 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
M8325 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
M8326 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
M8330 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
M8340 | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
M8345 | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
M8346 | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
KORLOY | |||||||||||
PC3600 | PVD | P20-P30 | |||||||||
PC3500 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
PC3700 | PVD | P30 | |||||||||
PC5400 | PVD | P40 | |||||||||
ZCC | |||||||||||
YBG102 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
YBG202 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
YBG252 | PVD | P20 | |||||||||
YBG302 | PVD | P30 |
Honing Siz | 0.05-0.08 mm / 0.002-0.003" |
Rake Angl | 11° -13° |
Land Angl | Positive |
Land Widt | 0.20-0.30 mm / 0.008-0.012" |