Material Ti-6-2-4-6

Technical Reference Library

Ti-6-2-4-6 (Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo) Titanium Alloy

UNS R56260 AMS 4981 SAE 4981

Material Overview

Ti-6-2-4-6 is a near-alpha/alpha-beta titanium alloy built for elevated-temperature jet engine components that need both strength and creep resistance in the same part. Its composition, roughly 6% aluminum, 2% tin, 4% zirconium, and 6% molybdenum, gives it a higher beta-stabilizer content than the elevated-temperature near-alpha alloys that came before it, which allows it to be heat treated to higher strength levels while still retaining the creep resistance that tin and zirconium additions provide at operating temperature.

That balance of properties made Ti-6-2-4-6 a popular choice for compressor blades, discs, and other rotating components in gas turbine engines that operate at sustained elevated temperatures, typically up to around 450°C (840°F). Compared to simpler near-alpha alloys, it offers a useful strength advantage without sacrificing the long-term stability those components need to survive years of thermal cycling in service.

On the machine tool, Ti-6-2-4-6 sits above standard Ti-6Al-4V in difficulty, reflecting both its higher strength and its creep-resistant microstructure, though it remains more workable than the very high-strength near-beta grades used in structural aerospace applications.

International Designation Equivalents

Standard Designation
UNS R56260
SAE / AMS 4981
Common Name Ti-6-2-4-6

Chemical Composition

Element Content
Aluminum (Al) 5.5 – 6.5%
Molybdenum (Mo) 5.5 – 6.5%
Zirconium (Zr) 3.6 – 4.4%
Tin (Sn) 1.8 – 2.2%
Silicon (Si) 0.06 – 0.10%

Machinability Explained

Ti-6-2-4-6 combines the standard difficulties of titanium machining with the added toughness of an alloy engineered to resist creep at elevated temperature. Titanium's thermal conductivity runs at roughly a sixth of steel's, so heat generated in the cut concentrates at the tool tip instead of dissipating into the chip. The molybdenum and zirconium content that give this alloy its creep resistance also mean it resists softening at the temperatures generated during cutting, which accelerates diffusion wear on the tool compared to standard alpha-beta titanium.

Its low modulus of elasticity still applies, so the workpiece deflects more under cutting pressure than steel would, making rigid workholding and short tool overhang essential to avoid chatter and dimensional drift. Titanium's tendency to work-harden under a rubbing or dull edge also carries over, so feed rates need to stay consistently high enough to shear cleanly beneath any hardened surface layer rather than rubbing across it.

Within the titanium family, Ti-6-2-4-6 sits above standard Ti-6Al-4V in difficulty but below the very high-strength near-beta grades such as Ti-5553 and Ti-55531. Expect moderately reduced speeds and shorter tool life relative to Grade 5, with flood coolant and sharp, well-supported cutting edges playing an important role in tool survival.

Recommended Cutting Speeds

Operation Vc (m/min) Vc (SFM)
Turning 60 – 80 200 – 260
Milling 45 – 60 150 – 200
Parting 35 – 50 110 – 160
Grooving 50 – 70 160 – 230
Drilling 50 – 70 160 – 230

Values assume favorable cutting conditions: a well-matched insert grade, maximum rigidity in tool and workpiece clamping, good-quality raw material, short tool overhang, and flood coolant. Reduce further for interrupted cuts, thin-wall sections, or reduced rigidity.

Recommended FM Carbide Grades by Operation

Turning

Grade Coating ISO Application Range
FM524 CVD S05 – S10
FM2533 CVD S15

Parting Off

Grade Coating ISO Application Range
FM2543 CVD S20
FM2553 CVD S30

Grooving

Grade Coating ISO Application Range
FM2533 CVD S10

Milling (Indexable)

Grade Coating ISO Application Range
FM125 PVD S15 – S35

Ready to cut Ti-6-2-4-6? Shop FM Carbide inserts matched to this alloy's turning, parting, grooving, and milling requirements.

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Recommended Insert Cutting-Edge Geometry

Parameter Value
Honing Size 0.02 – 0.05 mm / 0.001 – 0.002"
Rake Angle 13° – 18°
Land Angle Neutral
Land Width 0.10 – 0.20 mm / 0.004 – 0.008"
Ground Insert Recommended